Water Treatment Components

A TDS Meter indicates the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) of a solution, i.e. the concentration of dissolved solids in it. Since dissolved ionized solids such as salts and minerals increase the conductivity of a solution, a TDS meter measures the conductivity of the solution and estimates the TDS from that.

Dissolved organic solids such as sugar and microscopic solid particles such as colloids, do not significantly affect the conductivity of a solution so a TDS meter does not include them in its reading.

Unit of TDS Meter:

A TDS meter typically displays the TDS in parts per million (ppm). For example, a TDS reading of 1 ppm would indicate there is 1 milligram of dissolved solids in each liter of water.

A rotameter is a device that measures the flow rate of liquid or gas in a closed tube.

It belongs to a class of meters called variable area meters, which measure flow rate by allowing the cross-sectional area the fluid travels through to vary, causing some measurable effect. The rotameter is popular because it has a linear scale, a relatively long measurement range, and low pressure drop. It is simple to install and maintain.

Ordinary water filters use a screen to separate particles from water streams. The holes that these Filters have are fairly large. This allows just about everything that is dissolved in the water to pass through as well. An RO drinking water treatment system employs a semi-permeable membrane. The membrane is a thin, multi-layered sheet with pores so small that water molecules can pass through, but it acts as a barrier to dissolved solids like salts and other chemicals. Thus even bacteria and viruses are trapped and not allowed to pass through.

Pressure gauges measure the pressure of a liquid or gas. Pressure gauges are an essential part of many major industries. One industry in particular is a refinery. These gauges allow workers to monitor how much pressure is flowing through pipelines. There are several ways pressure gauges are used.

Also called a rotary-type backwash valve This valve replaces as many as 6 regular gate valves. Water from the pump can be diverted for various functions by merely turning the valve handle. The water may be sent to waste, used for back washing, bypassing the filter for maximum circulation, for normal filtration, filtering to waste (rinse), or the valve may be closed to not pass water. The pump must be off before changing a valve setting.